Mathematical Model of Gastric Cancer with Immunotherapy: Global Dynamics and Tumor Clearance Conditions

Abstract

Gastric cancer has positioned itself amongthe leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Mostof these tumors are gastric adenocarcinomas, which originate in the gastric mucos a from a chronic infection linked to H. Pylori bacterium. Traditional treat mentsare not entirely effective, however, there are high expectations of using the immunotherapies for gastric cancer treatment. Nevertheless, knowledge of the mechanisms of tumor evolution and their interactions with the immune system is limited. For this reason, we present a qualitative mathematical model of first-orderOrdinary Differential Equations (ODEs), which describes some survival mechanisms of intestinal-type gastricadenocarcinoma and its interaction with the immune system, assuming that H. Pylori and cellular cannibalism influence the tumor growth. We study the local and global dynamics of the model and propose sufficient conditions in an immunotherapy treatment parameter to eradicate gastric cancer. Finally, we perform numerical simulations and discuss the biological implications of our results.